https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Index en-au 5 https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:42674 Wed 31 Aug 2022 16:32:18 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52052 Wed 27 Sep 2023 15:30:20 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39560 Wed 27 Jul 2022 14:35:17 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46444 Wed 23 Nov 2022 13:56:21 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48592 Wed 22 Mar 2023 08:46:48 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:31152 2) were obtained for Tympanotonus fuscatus, suggesting the potential for non-carcinogenic health outcomes in adults after a prolonged period of consumption. This calls for continuous monitoring and enforcement of regulations to ensure safety of fishery resources from Lagos Lagoon.]]> Wed 17 Nov 2021 16:30:33 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41848 2O₂], ferrous ion [Fe²⁺], molar ratio of [H₂O₂]/[Fe^2＋] and SPADNS concentration [SPADNS] have been estimated systematically. The optimum reaction conditions were found to be pH 3.5, [H₂O₂]=1.7 10⁻³ M, [Fe^2＋] =1.010⁻⁴M for [SPADNS] 1.010⁻⁴M. Under these situations, 100% decolorization efficiency of aqueous SPAND solution was accomplished after 60 min of reaction. Also, the influence diverse inorganic anions (such as Cl, NO₃, HCO₃, etc. present in contaminated water) on the degradation efficiency of Fenton oxidation were investigated. A combination of ultrasonic irradiation and Fenton process (US/Fenton) has been used to evaluate the effect of azo bond loading factor (L_{azo bond;}0.25 to 1) on SPANDS degradation kinetic rates. The results show that the oxidation of Fenton could be enhanced by ultrasonic irradiation. For example, the color removal for (L_{azo bond;} 0.25, using Fenton and US-Fenton processes were 84.6% and 92.7% after an hour of oxidation reaction, respectively. While in the same period of time, there was no significant increment for TOC removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) loading factor 0.25, using Fenton and US-Fenton processes, which were 44.3% and 46.0%, respectively. This may be attributed to the formation of molecules with high stability against hydroxyl free radical. Also, this study found there was no significant effect on SPANDS degradation with the introduction of L-cysteine (Cys) to Fenton system. Three kinetic models (first-order, the second-order, and Behnajady–Modirshahla–Ghanbary) were evaluated and the Behnajady–Modirshahla–Ghanbary kinetic model was found to be the best model representing the experimental kinetic data of SPADNS.]]> Wed 15 Feb 2023 16:03:09 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47170 Wed 14 Dec 2022 15:48:51 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37215 Wed 10 Nov 2021 15:04:38 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:32890 m) values were 90.90 and 75.75 mg/g at pH 5.5 and 8.5, respectively while the Freundlich equilibrium constant (K_f) values were 4.67 and 4.36 mg/g at pH 5.5 and 8.5, respectively. The rate of adsorption confirmed to follow pseudo-second order kinetics with a better correlation. The thermodynamic parameters predicted that the adsorption process is an endothermic and spontaneous process.]]> Wed 08 Aug 2018 09:51:25 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:41810 40%) and Cd (>20%). Aspergillus heteromorphus based bio-filters was the most efficient to remove Cu and Cr from MSWC (20%). Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus heteromorphus, Rhizomucor pusillus and Aspergillus flavus based bio-filters were equally effective for elicitation of Zn (30%) and Ni (>30%) toxicity. Differential minimum inhibitory concentration, uptake of HMs, bio-sorption capacity of HMs by fungi resulted in unequal efficacy of fungal bio-filters.]]> Wed 07 Feb 2024 17:59:49 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30266 Stenotrophomonas (MTS-2) followed by Citrobacter (MTS-3) and Pseudomonas (MTS-1) were furthermost effective in the degradation of HMW PAHs either as individual or in the presence of co-substrate (LMW PAHs). MTS-1, 2 and 3 (co)degraded model LMW PAHs, Phe (100% of 150 mg L^-1) and HMW PAHs Pyr (100% of 150 mg L^-1) or BaP (90-100% of 50 mg L^-1) in 3, 12-15 and 30 days, respectively and recorded the least half-life time (t^1/2) and highest biodegradation rate constants (k). One of the significant findings is the diazotrophic P-solubilization ability, acid and alkali tolerance (optimum pH=5.0-8.0) of the HMW PAHs degrading Pseudomonas strain MTS-1. Stenotrophomonas (MTS-2) was also found to be superior as it could solubilize P and tolerate acidic condition (optimum pH=5.0-7.5) during HMW PAHs degradation. Further, our study is the first evidence of diazotrophic P solubilization potential of Agrobacterium (MTS-4) and P-solubilizing capacity of Citrobacter (MTS-3) during bioremediation. Thus, the results of this study demonstrate the promising use of the newly identified PAH degraders, notably MTS-1, 2 and 3 either as individuals or as consortia as an excellent candidate in the bioremediation or phytoremediation of PAHs contaminated soils.]]> Wed 04 Sep 2019 10:24:28 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:55019 Wed 03 Apr 2024 13:23:06 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38372 Wed 01 Sep 2021 12:12:32 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46705 Tue 29 Nov 2022 10:24:48 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46674 Tue 29 Nov 2022 09:21:37 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48678 in situ assessment of vapour intrusion from VOC contamination. A solid-phase micro-extraction (SPME) technique was applied for sample pre-concentration before the GC–MS​ measurement. Practical in-field soil gas SPME sampling methods have been developed to optimise the SPME extraction efficiency to then ultimately improve the detection limits of portable GC–MS. An Australian site impacted by a chlorinated VOC, trichloroethylene (TCE), was the subject of the case study. To rapidly assess soil vapour samples in subsurface soil, in-house-developed retractable soil vapour sampling probes (SVSPs) were installed at the site in clusters at depths of 1 m, 2 m and 3 m below ground level at each sampling location. Use of the SVSPs for sampling enabled the generation of a three-dimensional map and distribution contours for TCE concentrations using the in situ measurement results of a portable GC–MS analysis for vapour intrusion investigation. The results of the portable GC–MS​ analysis were compared with the results from conventional USEPA methods, such as TO-15 and Method 8265 for soil vapour and groundwater samples, respectively. This work demonstrates that the developed methodology of using a portable GC–MS system has the capability for in-field quantitative analysis of VOCs for rapid contaminated site vapour intrusion assessment.]]> Tue 28 Mar 2023 10:28:22 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:35640 Tue 24 Sep 2019 16:19:55 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:37099 Tue 18 Aug 2020 09:55:43 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:52538 Tue 17 Oct 2023 10:12:50 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:46298 in situ remediation technology.]]> Tue 15 Nov 2022 09:19:02 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:35155 Tue 13 Apr 2021 09:02:53 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39492 Ipomoea aquatica) has potential to improve the quality of POME. This present study investigated the phytoremediation efficiency of POME, which contains high amount of chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrate, phosphate using water spinach for up to 15 days and described its impact on the growth performance. Experimental design of this study consisted of five treatments with three replications namely: control: 0% POME (0 L POME + 10 L tap water), Treatment A: 25% POME (2.5 L POME + 7.5 L tap water), Treatment B: 50% POME (5 L POME+ 5 L tap water), Treatment C: 75% POME (7.5 L POME + 2.5 L tap water), and Treatment D: 100% POME (10 L POME). The results indicated that water spinach was able to reduce COD, nitrate, phosphate and color as 86.3%, 21.5%, 90.9 % and 95.3%, respectively. Water spinach had no influence on the growth performance even up to 75% of POME containing media. Furthermore, results showed that high concentrations of POME damage root structures, and ultimately impact the growth performance of water spinach. In conclusion, phytoremediation using water spinach can be a potential remediation method to improve the quality of COD, phosphate and nitrate.]]> Tue 09 Aug 2022 14:33:54 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30619 -1 dry weight) did not exceed the Canadian Interim Sediment Quality Guideline (CISQG) value of 7.24 mg kg^-1 dry weight during the wet and dry seasons. Based on the Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and ecological risk assessment using the enrichment factor (EF), contamination factor (CF) and geo-accumulation index (I_geo), the study’s results indicate two things: firstly, low to moderate and significant levels of enrichment from As; and secondly, low to moderate degree of contamination in Lagos Lagoon during the study period.]]> Tue 03 Dec 2019 15:10:13 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:33762 Tue 01 Oct 2019 11:37:55 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45549 Tue 01 Nov 2022 10:56:08 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45293 Thu 27 Oct 2022 14:48:17 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45331 Thu 27 Oct 2022 09:05:11 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48966 Thu 20 Apr 2023 10:29:33 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:43353 400 nm) and solar light irradiation. The role of hydrogen peroxide to enhance the catalyst’s efficiency was examined. The reaction pathway of complete mineralization was investigated by monitoring the temporal evolution of reaction intermediates and low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOA) as final products in solution. These LMWOAs are oxidized eventually to inorganic ions such a nitrate, sulfate, oxalate etc, which are confirmed using GC–MS, UV–Vis and Ion Chromatographic analyses. The optimized conditions of photocatalytic degradation were obtained for degradation under different light source. The Fe-doped TiO2 showed high dye degradation efficiency under both UV (100%), visible (100%) and solar light (90%) which distinguishes Fe-doped TiO2 from materials in literature that are only efficient in particular light source for dye degradation. Furthermore, the Fe doped titania photocatalysts are stable and can maintain performance up to 6 recycle use. Reaction kinetics for UV and solar light induced degradation followed first order reaction whereas visible light degradation followed a zero-order reaction.]]> Thu 15 Sep 2022 15:32:33 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34677 In vivo studies were conducted using juvenile swine as a surrogate model for young children. Two compartment pharmacokinetic models were used to analyze the biological response produced by Pb oral solution and spiked soils. Absolute and relative bioavailability of Pb in soils (oral dose of 100 µ g Pb/kg body weight/day) were estimated by comparing them with intravenously administered soluble Pb salt (25 µ g Pb/kg/day) and orally administered the same Pb salt [Pb acetate = (CH₃COO)₂Pb·3H₂O] administered to 3 juvenile pigs per treatment. Lead bioaccessibility was calculated using the in vitro RBALP (i.e. relative bioaccessibility leaching procedure) method. The in vitro results of RBALP were compared to in vivo relative Pb bioavailability to ascertain whether the changes in bioaccessibility correlated with the in vivo data. Although the in vivo Pb relative bioavailability (RB) in all soils except in MLA (Mount Lofty Acidic) revealed an increase (18%-159%) in the presence of Zn, the in vitro RBALP bioaccessibility results indicated otherwise (1%-38% decrease). In vivo RB of Pb in MLA declined by 37% in the presence of Zn. However, the RBALP in vitro bioaccessible Pb did not correlate with the relative bioavailabilities of Pb in the juvenile swine dosing experiment. Caution is therefore needed when predicting Pb bioavailability/bioaccessibility in the presence of metal mixtures. The literature contains much information on the correlation of metal and metalloid bioaccessibility with their bioavailability. There is, however, a paucity of studies investigating the effects of other metals on Pb and their IVIVC (in vitro and in vivo correlations). The current study addresses this knowledge gap by assessing in vivo and in vitro bioavailability of Pb in the presence of Zn.]]> Thu 11 Apr 2019 15:08:08 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:48156 Thu 09 Mar 2023 09:44:46 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:31459 Sphingobium SA2. The sensing element contained green fluorescence protein gene gfp fused to short segment of merA gene of Sphingobium SA2. The sensing element was introduced into electro-competent cells of Sphingobium SA2, where it integrated into the bacterial DNA due to homologous recombination. The transformed cells were able to produce green fluorescence in 5 h in the presence of nano-molar concentrations of mercury. A linear positive correlation was observed between 0–40 nm Hg and fluorescence intensity.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 08:43:50 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30187 50 and MIC values. Estimated EC₅₀ and MIC values in nutrient-rich media and low nutrient media had the following respective recordings - 22.6 mg L^-1; 23.1 mg L^-1 and 1.4 mg L^-1 and 1.7 mg L^-1. The isolate was able to volatilize inorganic mercury demonstrated by a modified photographic film experiment and subsequently revealed its ability to remove mercury from the solution. The ICP-QQQ-MS analysis of SE1 inoculated solution showed almost 60% of 1.5 mg L^-1 mercury was volatilized in 6 h and almost 40% were accumulated in cell pellets. The mercuric reductase gene merA was identified in the genome of isolate SE1 and sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence of merA gene indicated a sequence homology with different organisms from the alpha proteobacteria group and eukaryotic fungi. merA encoded enzyme mercuric reductase activity was evident in the crude protein of the isolate. The isolate's ability to resist Hg, it's Hg volatilization potential and the presence of merA gene and mercuric reductase enzyme demonstrates the potential application of this strain in mercury bioremediation.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:41:31 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:29908 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:40:54 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26483 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:35:30 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:27744 Pseudomonas sp. strain were also carried out. Results showed that after 1 and 25 d, HPCD at pH 7 extracted significantly more View the MathML source14C-phenanthrene (p<0.05)(p<0.05) from BC-amended soils than the other two solutions (un-buffered and pH 8), while HPCD at pH 8 extracted statistically similar (p>0.05)(p>0.05) amounts of phenanthrene compared to the un-buffered solution. At 50 d, HPCD at pH 8 generally extracted more ¹⁴C-phenanthrene from all treatments. It was proposed that higher pH promoted the dissolution of soil organic matter (SOM), leading to a greater solubility of phenanthrene in the solvent phase and enhancing the extractive capability of HPCD solutions. Although correlations between extractability and biodegradability of ¹⁴C-phenanthrene in BC-amended soils were poor, increasing pH was demonstrated a viable approach to enhancing HPCD extractive capability for the ¹⁴C-PAH from soil with BC.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:27:45 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:26578 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:26:12 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25551 -1. The study concluded that the residual TPHs in soils had little impact on a range of environmental receptors. Assessment of the residual TPH ecotoxicity was complicated by the elevated salinity of stockpile soils which impacted on the earthworm and phytotoxicity assessments. Therefore results of this study suggest that it is paramount to focus beyond target contaminants while implementing risk-based management approach. Indicators for risk based assessment are considered critical for regulatory decision making. The results of this study provide a valuable input in to the risk based management of contaminated sites.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:26:04 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:30526 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:25:05 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:25358 Alliumcepa through chromosomal aberration and comet assay using root meristem cells. A. cepa root tips were exposed to Tridol-S 3% and Tridol-S 6% with six different concentrations (0%, 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03%, 0.04% and 0.05%) for 24 h. Cytogenetic effect endpoints such as mitotic index, and chromosomal aberrations were observed. Chromosomal aberrations in the control (untreated onion root tips) was negligible with the mitotic index (MI) value of 79.6%, while the MI significantly decreased in all the test concentrations of firefighting compounds. Genotoxicity assessment through comet assay also revealed that both the products were genotoxic with a significant increase in per cent tail DNA and olive tail moment. Among the test compounds, Tridol-S 3% was more toxic than Tridol-S 6%. To our knowledge, this is the first study on the cyto- and genotoxic effects of class B firefighting foams to A. cepa root meristem cells. This study also suggests that the toxicological studies using A. cepa root meristem cells can be employed for evaluating the toxicological impacts of firefighting foams in the environment.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:24:42 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:28211 in situmonitoring. This article outlines an application of the ET system to determine chloride (Cl) simultaneously, and multi cationic metal ions, including calcium (Ca), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb). In this study, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied as a data compaction technique to reduce the complexity of data from the ISE array without losing much information. A patent data preprocessing method, geneticICA, was utilized to improve the prediction accuracy of ANN. Moreover, Orthogonal Experiment Design was employed for minimizing the number of training samples without losing any quality characteristics for the specific ions. Using our methodology means that results can be obtained rapidly and accurately without disturbing the natural speciation. The robustness and appropriateness of the approach were assessed using the mean relative error (MRE). When configured and optimized, the ET system can quantify the concentration of the four desired metals and chloride with the average MRE being lower than 0.10.]]> Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:23:51 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:24996 Sat 24 Mar 2018 07:09:54 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45348 Mon 29 Jan 2024 18:32:06 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38754 Mon 24 Jan 2022 11:17:08 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:47957 Mon 13 Feb 2023 14:21:00 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44146 Mon 10 Oct 2022 09:10:40 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38320 −1) and dissolved organic matter(0–20 mg L⁻¹). The string rate of more than 100 rpm indicated the DGT will not likely be affected by flow rate in the aquatic environment. The study successfully indicates the DGT’s performance on diuron, providing a promising technique for future investigation of distribution and occurrence in the natural environment.]]> Fri 27 Aug 2021 12:02:40 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34241 Fri 22 Feb 2019 14:42:10 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:44718 90% degradation over one week treatment. Surface capping of the synthesized material (GMP-nZVI) could enhance activation. The capping through controlled release of ferrous ion compared to C-nZVI might prevent scavenging of sulfate radicals. The inhibition of TPH degradation by mannitol demonstrated the role of hydroxyl radical in degrading TPH under GMP-nZVI activated persulfate oxidation system. In view of its TPH removal efficiency, low production cost and low environmental concerns, the GMP-nZVI has greater advantages over the chemically synthesized nanoparticles.]]> Fri 21 Oct 2022 09:32:25 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39726 Fri 17 Jun 2022 17:38:05 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:40593 Fri 15 Jul 2022 11:07:13 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38434 Fri 10 Sep 2021 15:32:32 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:38433 3O₄), ferrihydrites, and desilicated minerals are identified in the RMSDN600 using XRD (X-ray diffraction) and XANES (X-ray absorption near-edge structure). Sorption isotherm for RMSD600 and SDN600 showed close-fitting with Langmuir and Freundlich model demonstrated monolayer and multilayer sorption of PFOS over the active sites of the adsorbents. The potential formation of micelles and hemi-micelles can occur in interparticle porous biochars as the concentration of PFOS exceeds critical hemi-micelle concentration (4.57-45.7 mg/L). The kinetic study followed Pseudo-second-order model for both adsorbents, demonstrated both physisorption and chemisorption of PFOS. The results revealed the adsorption of PFOS was governed by both hydrophobic and electrostatic interaction, with hydrophobic interaction as the dominant sorption mechanism. The higher adsorption capacity for RMSDN600 (194.6 mg/g) was recorded than that for SDN600 (178.6 mg/g) at pH 3.1 due to the abundance of protonated metal-based functional groups, and more ordered graphitic carbon structure resulting from catalytic degradation and transformation of cellulose and hemicellulose. Aromatic structure can potentially enhance PFOS sorption by non-ionic interaction. In contrast, metal-based and other oxygen-containing functional groups of adsorbents enhance adsorption capacity through electrostatic interaction and ion exchange reactions. Lower solution pH and smaller particle size of the adsorbents could also enhance sorption of PFOS from aqueous phase.]]> Fri 10 Sep 2021 15:11:32 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:45570 2 nano particles (NPs) were synthesized by precipitation using high purity of TiCl₄ and the surface was modified by hydrothermal treatment. The NPs were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDX), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Brunauer–Emmet–Teller (BET) surface area techniques. The synthesized NPs were utilized for removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from wastewater. The effect of various experimental parameters such as pH, adsorbent dosage, concentration of dye, photocatalyst concentration on the degradation efficiency of the effluent has been studied. The equilibrium studies for adsorption were done using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and better agreement was attained with the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity () was calculated as 88.1057 mg/g using Langmuir equation. The kinetic parameters displayed that MB adsorption onto the NPs followed pseudo-second-order kinetics model. In this paper, removal efficiencies of three different techniques photocatalysis, adsorption and electrolysis treatments were compared for methylene blue abatement using surface modified Nps. The results indicated that, photocatalytic and adsorption methods showed 1 and 60.70 percent of removal of dye at chosen higher initial dye concentrations of 25 mg/L and 50 mg/L respectively, whereas electrolysis methods showed 94.95 percent removal of dye even at higher initial concentration of dye (50 mg/L). Electrolysis method seems to be more superior, possibly because of continuous flow of electric current through conductive electrode surface which generates the negative charges and these charges are capable of degrading the dye into constituent products more effectively than the other two methods. Mechanisms for removal/degradation dye from wastewater using NPs for all the above three methods has been predicted.]]> Fri 04 Nov 2022 14:46:03 AEDT ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39315 −1 soil caused enhanced uptake of PFOS and PFOA in earthworms, and a significant reduction in their reproduction. These results have significant implications for risk assessment of MP in soil.]]> Fri 03 Jun 2022 15:21:27 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:39301 Fri 03 Jun 2022 13:29:25 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:36752 TM was developed for real-time measurement of multi-free ions in solution. The technique includes algorithms that have been developed to allow real-time measurement of a multitude of free ions simultaneously in solution. The ISE array system allows common ions: sodium (Na⁺), Potassium (K⁺), calcium (Ca²⁺), nitrate (NO₃⁻) and chloride (Cl⁻) to be measured in complex solution matrices. This is of value to agricultural irrigators and for monitoring water quality in lakes and streams. It can be adopted for the benefit of fertigation application, and water qualities are monitoring to ensure environmental protection authority (EPA) standards are achieved. The prediction accuracies of ISEs can be negatively impacted by pH, ionic strength and the interferences from other undesired ions. The ISE array system contained a self-developed algorithm to eliminate the interferences from the major ions existed in nature water. On the purpose of validating the prediction accuracy, 96 samples based on 22 different real water backgrounds were employed. Several chemicals were spiked into these samples for simulating the fertilizers and other water quality hazards. Based on the experiment results, it can be concluded that the system can strong ability to simultaneously determinate multi-free ions, regardless the pH, ionic strength and the interferences from major ions in nature water.]]> Fri 03 Jul 2020 09:40:42 AEST ]]> https://nova.newcastle.edu.au/vital/access/ /manager/Repository/uon:34310 Eisenia fetida is a sentinel organism in soil which can be used to diagnose the health of the soil. In order to identify potential molecular markers from Eisenia fetida to diagnose the presence of benzo(a) pyrene in soil, we exposed the organism to sub-lethal (10 mgKg^-1) concentrations for a period of eight months and carried out transcriptome analysis. From the transcriptome, we have identified differentially expressed genes. Results showed that benzo(a)pyrene has altered the expression of calcium binding and calcium homeostasis, apoptotic process, cytoskeletal proteins, protein transport, nucleotide binding, lipid metabolism, peripheral neuronal development, cell division, wound healing and processing genes at transcription level. Several of the genes we reported here were not reported earlier. The highly up regulated and down regulated genes could be used as a molecular marker to diagnose the presence of benzo(a)pyrene in the soil.]]> Fri 01 Apr 2022 09:28:26 AEDT ]]>